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Строка 1: |
| - | In this part of the Java Gnome programming tutorial, we will work with menus.
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| - | A <b>menubar</b> is one of the most common parts of the GUI application. It is a group of commands located in various menus.
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| - | While in console applications you have to remember all those arcane commands, here we have most of the commands grouped into logical parts. These are accepted standards that further reduce the amount of time spending to learn a new application.
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| | | | |
| - | == Simple menu ==
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| - |
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| - | In our first example, we will create a menubar with one file menu.
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| - | The menu will have only one menu item. By selecting the item the application quits.
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| - |
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| - | <source lang="java">
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| - | package com.zetcode;
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| - |
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| - | import org.gnome.gdk.Event;
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| - | import org.gnome.gtk.Gtk;
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| - | import org.gnome.gtk.Menu;
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| - | import org.gnome.gtk.MenuBar;
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| - | import org.gnome.gtk.MenuItem;
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| - | import org.gnome.gtk.VBox;
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| - | import org.gnome.gtk.Widget;
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| - | import org.gnome.gtk.Window;
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| - | import org.gnome.gtk.WindowPosition;
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| - |
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| - | /**
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| - | * ZetCode Java Gnome tutorial
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| - | *
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| - | * This program creates a simple menu.
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| - | *
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| - | * @author jan bodnar
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| - | * website zetcode.com
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| - | * last modified March 2009
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| - | */
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| - |
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| - |
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| - | public class GSimpleMenu extends Window {
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| - |
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| - |
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| - | public GSimpleMenu() {
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| - |
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| - | setTitle("Simple menu");
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| - |
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| - | initUI();
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| - |
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| - | setDefaultSize(250, 200);
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| - | setPosition(WindowPosition.CENTER);
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| - | showAll();
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| - | }
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| - |
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| - | private void initUI() {
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| - |
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| - | connect(new Window.DeleteEvent() {
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| - | public boolean onDeleteEvent(Widget source, Event event) {
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| - | Gtk.mainQuit();
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| - | return false;
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| - | }
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| - | });
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| - |
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| - | VBox vbox = new VBox(false, 0);
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| - |
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| - | MenuBar menuBar = new MenuBar();
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| - | MenuItem fileItem = new MenuItem("File");
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| - | menuBar.append(fileItem);
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| - |
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| - | Menu quitMenu = new Menu();
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| - | MenuItem quitItem = new MenuItem("Quit");
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| - |
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| - | quitItem.connect(new MenuItem.Activate() {
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| - |
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| - | public void onActivate(MenuItem menuItem) {
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| - | Gtk.mainQuit();
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| - | }
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| - | });
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| - |
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| - | quitMenu.append(quitItem);
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| - | fileItem.setSubmenu(quitMenu);
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| - |
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| - | vbox.packStart(menuBar, false, false, 3);
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| - | add(vbox);
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| - | }
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| - |
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| - | public static void main(String[] args) {
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| - |
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| - | Gtk.init(args);
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| - | new GSimpleMenu();
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| - | Gtk.main();
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| - | }
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| - | }
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| - | </source>
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| - |
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| - | This is a small example with minimal menubar functionality.
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| - |
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| - | <source lang="java">
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| - | MenuBar menuBar = new MenuBar();
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| - | </source>
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| - |
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| - | <b>MenuBar</b> widget is created.
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| - |
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| - | <source lang="java">
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| - | MenuItem fileItem = new MenuItem("File");
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| - | menuBar.append(fileItem);
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| - | </source>
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| - |
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| - | Toplevel <b>MenuItem</b> is created.
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| - |
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| - | <source lang="java">
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| - | Menu quitMenu = new Menu();
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| - | MenuItem quitItem = new MenuItem("Quit");
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| - | ...
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| - | quitMenu.append(quitItem);
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| - | </source>
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| - |
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| - | Quit <b>MenuItem</b> is created and appended to the quit <b>Menu</b>.
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| - |
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| - | <source lang="java">
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| - | fileItem.setSubmenu(quitMenu);
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| - | </source>
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| - |
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| - | Quit menu is set a a submenu of the toplevel file menu item.
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| - |
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| - | <source lang="java">
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| - | VBox vbox = new VBox(false, 0);
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| - | ...
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| - | vbox.packStart(menuBar, false, false, 3);
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| - | add(vbox);
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| - | </source>
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| - |
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| - | Unlike in other toolkits, we have to take care of the layout management of the menubar ourselves. We put the menubar into the vertical box.
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| - |
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| - | [[image: Java_Gnome_faq_simplemenu.png| center]]
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| - |
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| - | == Image menu ==
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| - |
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| - | In the next example, we will further explore menus. We will use images and a separator.
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| - |
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| - | <source lang="java">
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| - |
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| - | package com.zetcode;
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| - |
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| - | import org.gnome.gtk.Gtk;
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| - | import org.gnome.gtk.ImageMenuItem;
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| - | import org.gnome.gtk.Menu;
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| - | import org.gnome.gtk.MenuBar;
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| - | import org.gnome.gtk.MenuItem;
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| - | import org.gnome.gtk.SeparatorMenuItem;
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| - | import org.gnome.gtk.Stock;
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| - | import org.gnome.gtk.VBox;
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| - | import org.gnome.gtk.Window;
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| - | import org.gnome.gtk.WindowPosition;
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| - |
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| - | /**
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| - | * ZetCode Java Gnome tutorial
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| - | *
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| - | * This program shows images in
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| - | * the menu.
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| - | *
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| - | * @author jan bodnar
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| - | * website zetcode.com
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| - | * last modified March 2009
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| - | */
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| - |
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| - | public class GImageMenu extends Window {
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| - | public GImageMenu() {
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| - |
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| - | setTitle("ImageMenu");
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| - |
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| - | initUI();
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| - |
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| - | setDefaultSize(250, 200);
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| - | setPosition(WindowPosition.CENTER);
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| - | showAll();
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| - | }
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| - |
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| - |
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| - | private void initUI() {
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| - |
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| - | VBox vbox = new VBox(false, 0);
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| - | add(vbox);
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| - |
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| - | MenuBar menuBar = new MenuBar();
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| - | MenuItem file = new MenuItem("_File");
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| - |
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| - | Menu fileMenu = new Menu();
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| - |
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| - | ImageMenuItem imnew = new ImageMenuItem(Stock.NEW);
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| - | ImageMenuItem imopen = new ImageMenuItem(Stock.OPEN);
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| - | ImageMenuItem imquit = new ImageMenuItem(Stock.QUIT);
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| - |
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| - | imquit.connect(new MenuItem.Activate() {
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| - |
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| - | public void onActivate(MenuItem menuItem) {
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| - | Gtk.mainQuit();
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| - | }
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| - | });
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| - |
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| - | fileMenu.append(imnew);
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| - | fileMenu.append(imopen);
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| - | fileMenu.append(new SeparatorMenuItem());
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| - | fileMenu.append(imquit);
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| - |
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| - | file.setSubmenu(fileMenu);
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| - |
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| - | menuBar.append(file);
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| - | vbox.packStart(menuBar, false, false, 3);
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| - | }
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| - |
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| - |
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| - | public static void main(String[] args) {
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| - |
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| - | Gtk.init(args);
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| - | new GImageMenu();
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| - | Gtk.main();
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| - | }
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| - | }
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| - | </source>
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| - |
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| - | The code example shows how to use images and separators in menus in Java Gnome.
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| - |
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| - | <source lang="java">
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| - | ImageMenuItem imnew = new ImageMenuItem(Stock.NEW);
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| - | ImageMenuItem imopen = new ImageMenuItem(Stock.OPEN);
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| - | ImageMenuItem imquit = new ImageMenuItem(Stock.QUIT);
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| - | </source>
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| - |
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| - | <b>ImageMenuItem</b> objects are created. The images come from the internal stock of images.
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| - |
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| - | <source lang="java">
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| - | fileMenu.append(new SeparatorMenuItem());
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| - | </source>
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| - |
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| - | This code line creates a separator. It is used to separate menu items into logical groups.
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| - |
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| - | [[image: Java_Gnome_faq_imagemenu.png| center]]
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| - |
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| - | == CheckMenuItem ==
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| - |
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| - | A <b>CheckMenuItem</b> is a menu item with a check box. It can be used to work with boolean properties.
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| - |
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| - | <source lang="java">
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| - | package com.zetcode;
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| - |
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| - | import org.gnome.gdk.Event;
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| - | import org.gnome.gtk.CheckMenuItem;
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| - | import org.gnome.gtk.Gtk;
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| - | import org.gnome.gtk.Label;
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| - | import org.gnome.gtk.Menu;
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| - | import org.gnome.gtk.MenuBar;
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| - | import org.gnome.gtk.MenuItem;
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| - | import org.gnome.gtk.Statusbar;
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| - | import org.gnome.gtk.VBox;
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| - | import org.gnome.gtk.Widget;
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| - | import org.gnome.gtk.Window;
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| - | import org.gnome.gtk.WindowPosition;
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| - |
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| - | /**
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| - | * ZetCode Java Gnome tutorial
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| - | *
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| - | * This program creates checked menu
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| - | * item.
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| - | *
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| - | * @author jan bodnar
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| - | * website zetcode.com
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| - | * last modified March 2009
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| - | */
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| - |
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| - |
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| - | public class GCheckMenuItem extends Window {
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| - |
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| - | private Statusbar statusbar;
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| - | public GCheckMenuItem() {
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| - |
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| - | setTitle("Check menu item");
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| - |
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| - | initUI();
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| - |
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| - | connect(new Window.DeleteEvent() {
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| - | public boolean onDeleteEvent(Widget source, Event event) {
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| - | Gtk.mainQuit();
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| - | return false;
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| - | }
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| - | });
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| - |
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| - | setDefaultSize(250, 200);
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| - | setPosition(WindowPosition.CENTER);
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| - | showAll();
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| - | }
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| - |
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| - | private void initUI() {
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| - |
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| - | VBox vbox = new VBox(false, 0);
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| - |
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| - | MenuBar menuBar = new MenuBar();
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| - | MenuItem fileItem = new MenuItem("File");
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| - | menuBar.append(fileItem);
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| - |
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| - | Menu fileMenu = new Menu();
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| - | MenuItem quitItem = new MenuItem("Quit");
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| - |
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| - | quitItem.connect(new MenuItem.Activate() {
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| - |
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| - | public void onActivate(MenuItem menuItem) {
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| - | Gtk.mainQuit();
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| - | }
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| - | });
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| - |
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| - | fileMenu.append(quitItem);
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| - | fileItem.setSubmenu(fileMenu);
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| - |
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| - | Menu viewmenu = new Menu();
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| - | MenuItem view = new MenuItem("View");
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| - | view.setSubmenu(viewmenu);
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| - |
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| - | CheckMenuItem stat = new CheckMenuItem("View Statusbar");
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| - | stat.setActive(true);
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| - | viewmenu.append(stat);
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| - |
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| - | menuBar.append(view);
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| - |
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| - | statusbar = new Statusbar();
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| - | statusbar.setMessage("Ready");
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| - |
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| - | vbox.packStart(menuBar, false, false, 0);
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| - | vbox.packStart(new Label(""), true, false, 0);
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| - | vbox.packStart(statusbar, false, false, 0);
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| - |
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| - | stat.connect(new MenuItem.Activate() {
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| - |
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| - | public void onActivate(MenuItem menuItem) {
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| - | CheckMenuItem item = (CheckMenuItem) menuItem;
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| - |
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| - | if (item.getActive()) {
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| - | statusbar.show();
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| - | } else {
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| - | statusbar.hide();
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| - | }
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| - | }
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| - | });
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| - |
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| - | add(vbox);
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| - | }
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| - |
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| - | public static void main(String[] args) {
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| - |
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| - | Gtk.init(args);
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| - | new GCheckMenuItem();
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| - | Gtk.main();
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| - | }
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| - | }
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| - | </source>
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| - |
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| - | In our code example we show a check menu item. If the check box is activated, the statusbar widget is shown. If not, the statusbar is hidden.
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| - |
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| - | <source lang="java">
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| - | CheckMenuItem stat = new CheckMenuItem("View Statusbar");
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| - | </source>
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| - |
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| - | <b>CheckMenuItem</b> widget is created.
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| - |
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| - | <source lang="java">
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| - | stat.setActive(true);
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| - | </source>
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| - |
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| - | The <b>setActive()</b> method checks/unchecks the check menu item.
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| - |
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| - | <source lang="java">
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| - | if (item.getActive()) {
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| - | statusbar.show();
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| - | } else {
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| - | statusbar.hide();
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| - | }
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| - |
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| - | </source>
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| - |
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| - | Depending on the state of the <b>CheckMenuItem</b>, we show or hide the statusbar widget.
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| - |
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| - | [[image: Java_Gnome_faq_checkmenuitem.png| center]]
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| - |
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| - | == Submenu ==
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| - |
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| - | Our final example demonstrates how to create a submenu in Java Gnome.
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| - |
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| - | <source lang="java">
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| - | package com.zetcode;
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| - |
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| - | import org.gnome.gdk.Event;
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| - | import org.gnome.gtk.Gtk;
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| - | import org.gnome.gtk.Menu;
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| - | import org.gnome.gtk.MenuBar;
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| - | import org.gnome.gtk.MenuItem;
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| - | import org.gnome.gtk.VBox;
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| - | import org.gnome.gtk.Widget;
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| - | import org.gnome.gtk.Window;
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| - | import org.gnome.gtk.WindowPosition;
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| - |
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| - | /**
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| - | * ZetCode Java Gnome tutorial
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| - | *
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| - | * This program creates a submenu.
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| - | *
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| - | * @author jan bodnar
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| - | * website zetcode.com
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| - | * last modified March 2009
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| - | */
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| - |
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| - |
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| - | public class GSubmenu extends Window {
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| - |
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| - |
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| - | public GSubmenu() {
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| - |
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| - | setTitle("Simple menu");
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| - |
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| - | initUI();
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| - |
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| - | connect(new Window.DeleteEvent() {
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| - | public boolean onDeleteEvent(Widget source, Event event) {
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| - | Gtk.mainQuit();
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| - | return false;
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| - | }
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| - | });
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| - |
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| - | setDefaultSize(250, 200);
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| - | setPosition(WindowPosition.CENTER);
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| - | showAll();
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| - | }
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| - |
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| - | private void initUI() {
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| - |
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| - | VBox vbox = new VBox(false, 0);
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| - |
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| - | MenuBar menuBar = new MenuBar();
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| - | MenuItem fileItem = new MenuItem("File");
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| - | menuBar.append(fileItem);
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| - |
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| - | Menu fileMenu = new Menu();
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| - | MenuItem quitItem = new MenuItem("Quit");
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| - |
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| - | quitItem.connect(new MenuItem.Activate() {
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| - |
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| - | public void onActivate(MenuItem menuItem) {
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| - | Gtk.mainQuit();
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| - | }
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| - | });
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| - |
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| - |
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| - | // submenu creation
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| - | Menu imenu = new Menu();
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| - |
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| - | MenuItem importm = new MenuItem("Import");
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| - | importm.setSubmenu(imenu);
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| - |
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| - | MenuItem inews = new MenuItem("Import news feed...");
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| - | MenuItem ibookmarks = new MenuItem("Import bookmarks...");
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| - | MenuItem imail = new MenuItem("Import mail...");
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| - |
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| - | imenu.append(inews);
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| - | imenu.append(ibookmarks);
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| - | imenu.append(imail);
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| - |
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| - | fileMenu.append(importm);
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| - | fileMenu.append(quitItem);
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| - | fileItem.setSubmenu(fileMenu);
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| - |
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| - | vbox.packStart(menuBar, false, false, 3);
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| - | add(vbox);
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| - | }
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| - |
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| - | public static void main(String[] args) {
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| - |
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| - | Gtk.init(args);
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| - | new GSubmenu();
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| - | Gtk.main();
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| - | }
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| - | }
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| - | </source>
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| - |
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| - | Submenu creation.
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| - |
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| - | <source lang="java">
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| - | Menu imenu = new Menu();
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| - |
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| - | </source>
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| - |
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| - | A submenu is a <b>Menu</b>.
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| - |
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| - | <source lang="java">
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| - | MenuItem importm = new MenuItem("Import");
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| - | importm.setSubmenu(imenu);
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| - | </source>
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| - |
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| - | It is a submenu of a menu item, which belogs to toplevel file menu.
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| - |
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| - | <source lang="java">
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| - | MenuItem inews = new MenuItem("Import news feed...");
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| - | MenuItem ibookmarks = new MenuItem("Import bookmarks...");
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| - | MenuItem imail = new MenuItem("Import mail...");
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| - |
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| - | imenu.append(inews);
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| - | imenu.append(ibookmarks);
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| - | imenu.append(imail);
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| - | </source>
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| - |
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| - | Submenu has it's own menu items.
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| - |
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| - | [[image: Java_Gnome_faq_submenu.png| center]]
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| - |
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| - | In this chapter of the Java Gnome programming library, we showed, how to work with menus.
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| - |
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| - |
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| - | [[Категория:GTK+]]
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| - | [[Категория:Java]]
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