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QMessageBox Class Reference
^{[модуль QtGui ]}

The QMessageBox class provides a modal dialog with a short message, an icon, and buttons laid out depending on the current style. Далее...

 #include <QMessageBox>

Наследует QDialog.

• Список всех членов, включая унаследованные
• Obsolete members
• Поддерживаемые члены Qt 3

Открытые типы

• enum ButtonRole { InvalidRole, AcceptRole, RejectRole, DestructiveRole, ..., ResetRole }
• enum Icon { NoIcon, Question, Information, Warning, Critical }
• enum StandardButton { Ok, Open, Save, Cancel, ..., ButtonMask }
• flags StandardButtons

Свойства

• 2 войства, унаследованные от QDialog
• 56 свойств, унаследованных от QWidget
• 1 свойство, унаследованное от QObject

Открытые функции

• QMessageBox ( QWidget * parent = 0 )
• QMessageBox ( Icon icon, const QString & title, const QString & text, StandardButtons buttons = NoButton, QWidget * parent = 0, Qt::WindowFlags f = Qt::Dialog | Qt::MSWindowsFixedSizeDialogHint )
• ~QMessageBox ()
• void addButton ( QAbstractButton * button, ButtonRole role )
• QPushButton * addButton ( const QString & text, ButtonRole role )
• QPushButton * addButton ( StandardButton button )
• QAbstractButton * button ( StandardButton which ) const
• QAbstractButton * clickedButton () const
• QPushButton * defaultButton () const
• QString detailedText () const
• QAbstractButton * escapeButton () const
• Icon icon () const
• QPixmap iconPixmap () const
• QString informativeText () const
• void removeButton ( QAbstractButton * button )
• void setDefaultButton ( QPushButton * button )
• void setDefaultButton ( StandardButton button )
• void setDetailedText ( const QString & text )
• void setEscapeButton ( QAbstractButton * button )
• void setEscapeButton ( StandardButton button )
• void setIcon ( Icon )
• void setIconPixmap ( const QPixmap & pixmap )
• void setInformativeText ( const QString & text )
• void setStandardButtons ( StandardButtons buttons )
• void setText ( const QString & text )
• void setTextFormat ( Qt::TextFormat format )
• void setWindowModality ( Qt::WindowModality windowModality )
• void setWindowTitle ( const QString & title )
• StandardButton standardButton ( QAbstractButton * button ) const
• StandardButtons standardButtons () const
• QString text () const
• Qt::TextFormat textFormat () const

• 5 открытых функций, унаследованных от QDialog
• 201 свойство, унаследованное от QWidget
• 29 открытых функций, унаследованных от QObject
• 12 открытых функций, унаследованных от QPaintDevice

Открытые слоты

• int exec ()

• 4 открытых слота, унаследованные от QDialog
• 19 открытых слотов, унаследованных от QWidget
• 1 открытый слот, унаследованный от QObject

Статические открытые члены

• void about ( QWidget * parent, const QString & title, const QString & text )
• void aboutQt ( QWidget * parent, const QString & title = QString() )
• StandardButton critical ( QWidget * parent, const QString & title, const QString & text, StandardButtons buttons = Ok, StandardButton defaultButton = NoButton )
• StandardButton information ( QWidget * parent, const QString & title, const QString & text, StandardButtons buttons = Ok, StandardButton defaultButton = NoButton )
• StandardButton question ( QWidget * parent, const QString & title, const QString & text, StandardButtons buttons = Ok, StandardButton defaultButton = NoButton )
• StandardButton warning ( QWidget * parent, const QString & title, const QString & text, StandardButtons buttons = Ok, StandardButton defaultButton = NoButton )

• 4 статических открытых члена, унаследованных от QWidget
• 5 статических открытых членов, унаследованных от QObject

Macros

• QT_REQUIRE_VERSION ( int argc, char ** argv, const char * version )

Дополнительные унаследованные члены

• 3 сигнала, унаследованные от QDialog
• 1 сигнал, унаследованный от QWidget
• 1 сигнал, унаследованный от QObject
• 38 защищенных функций, унаследованных от QWidget
• 7 защищенных функций, унаследованных от QObject
• 1 защищенная функция, унаследованных от QPaintDevice
• 1 защищенный слот, унаследованый от QWidget

Подробное описание

The QMessageBox class provides a modal dialog with a short message, an icon, and buttons laid out depending on the current style.

Message boxes are used to provide informative messages and to ask simple questions.

Basic Usage

The easiest way to pop up a message box in Qt is to call one of the static functions QMessageBox::information(), QMessageBox::question(), QMessageBox::critical(), and QMessageBox::warning(). Пример:

 int ret = QMessageBox::warning(this, tr("My Application"),
                   tr("The document has been modified.\n"
                      "Do you want to save your changes?"),
                   QMessageBox::Save | QMessageBox::Discard
                   | QMessageBox::Cancel,
                   QMessageBox::Save);

Buttons are specified by combining StandardButtons using the bitwise OR operator. The order of the buttons on screen is platform-dependent. For example, on Windows, Save is displayed to the left of Cancel, whereas on Mac OS, the order is reversed.

The text part of all message box messages can be either rich text or plain text. With certain strings that contain XML meta characters, the auto-rich text detection may fail, interpreting plain text incorrectly as rich text. In these rare cases, use Qt::convertFromPlainText() to convert your plain text string to a visually equivalent rich text string or set the text format explicitly with setTextFormat().

Note that the Microsoft Windows User Interface Guidelines recommend using the application name as the window's title.

The Standard Dialogs example shows how to use QMessageBox as well as other built-in Qt dialogs.

Severity Levels

QMessageBox supports four severity levels, indicated by an icon:

Advanced Usage

If the convenience static functions, such as QMessageBox::information() and QMessageBox::warning(), are not flexible enough for your needs, you can instantiate a QMessageBox on the stack. You can then use addButton() to add buttons with standard or arbitrary text.

When using an instance of QMessageBox with standard buttons, you can test the return value of exec() to determine which button was clicked. For example,

 QMessageBox msgBox;
 msgBox.setStandardButtons(QMessageBox::Yes | QMessageBox::No);
 switch (msgBox.exec()) {
 case QMessageBox::Yes:
     // yes was clicked
     break;
 case QMessageBox::No:
     // no was clicked
     break;
 default:
     // should never be reached
     break;
 }

When using an instance of QMessageBox with custom buttons, you can test the value of clickedButton() after calling exec(). For example,

 QMessageBox msgBox;
 QPushButton *connectButton = msgBox.addButton(tr("Connect"), QMessageBox::ActionRole);
 QPushButton *abortButton = msgBox.addButton(QMessageBox::Abort);
 
 msgBox.exec();
 
 if (msgBox.clickedButton() == connectButton) {
     // connect
 } else if (msgBox.clickedButton() == abortButton) {
     // abort
 }

In the example above, the Connect button is created using the addButton() overload that takes a text and a ButtonRole. The ButtonRole is used by QMessageBox to determine the ordering of the buttons on screen (which varies according to the platform).

The text(), icon() and iconPixmap() functions provide access to the current text and pixmap of the message box. The setText(), setIcon() and setIconPixmap() let you change it. The difference between setIcon() and setIconPixmap() is that the former accepts a QMessageBox::Icon and can be used to set standard icons, whereas the latter accepts a QPixmap and can be used to set custom icons.

setButtonText() and buttonText() provide access to the buttons.

Default and Escape Keys

The default button (i.e., the button that is activated when the user presses Enter) can be specified using setDefaultButton(). If none is specified, QMessageBox will try to find one automatically based on the ButtonRoles of the buttons in the dialog.

Similarly, the escape button (the button that is activated when the user presses Esc) is specified using setEscapeButton(). If no escape button is specified, QMessageBox attempts to automatically detect an escape button as follows:

1. If there is only one button, it is made the escape button.
2. If there is a Cancel button, it is made the escape button.
3. On Mac OS X only, if there is exactly one button with the role QMessageBox::RejectRole, it is made the escape button.

When an escape button could not be automatically detected, pressing Esc has no effect.

See also QDialogButtonBox, GUI Design Handbook: Message Box, Standard Dialogs Example, and Application Example.

Описание типов

enum QMessageBox::ButtonRole

This enum describes the roles that can be used to describe buttons in the button box. Combinations of these roles are as flags used to describe different aspects of their behavior.

See also StandardButton.

enum QMessageBox::Icon

This enum has the following values:

enum QMessageBox::StandardButton
flags QMessageBox::StandardButtons

These enums describe flags for standard buttons. Each button has a defined ButtonRole.

The following values are obsolete:

This enum was introduced in Qt 4.2.

The StandardButtons type is a typedef for QFlags<StandardButton>. It stores an OR combination of StandardButton values.

See also ButtonRole and standardButtons.

Описание cвойств

detailedText : QString

This property holds the text to be displayed in the details area.

The text will be interpreted as a plain text. The default value of this property is an empty string.

Это свойство было введено в Qt 4.2.

Функции доступа:

• QString detailedText () const
• void setDetailedText ( const QString & text )

icon : Icon

This property holds the message box's icon.

The icon of the message box can be one of the following predefined icons:

• QMessageBox::NoIcon
• QMessageBox::Question
• QMessageBox::Information
• QMessageBox::Warning
• QMessageBox::Critical

The actual pixmap used for displaying the icon depends on the current GUI style. You can also set a custom pixmap icon using the QMessageBox::iconPixmap property. The default icon is QMessageBox::NoIcon.

Функции доступа:

• Icon icon () const
• void setIcon ( Icon )

See also iconPixmap.

iconPixmap : QPixmap

This property holds the current icon.

The icon currently used by the message box. Note that it's often hard to draw one pixmap that looks appropriate in all GUI styles; you may want to supply a different pixmap for each platform.

Функции доступа:

• QPixmap iconPixmap () const
• void setIconPixmap ( const QPixmap & pixmap )

See also icon.

informativeText : QString

This property holds the informative text that provides a fuller description for the message.

Infromative text can be used to expand upon the text() to give more information to the user. On the Mac, this text appears in small system font below the text(). On other platforms, it is simply appended to the existing text.

Это свойство было введено в Qt 4.2.

Функции доступа:

• QString informativeText () const
• void setInformativeText ( const QString & text )

standardButtons : StandardButtons

This property holds collection of standard buttons in the message box.

This property controls which standard buttons are used by the message box.

Это свойство было введено в Qt 4.2.

Функции доступа:

• StandardButtons standardButtons () const
• void setStandardButtons ( StandardButtons buttons )

See also addButton().

text : QString

This property holds the message box text to be displayed.

The text will be interpreted either as a plain text or as rich text, depending on the text format setting ( QMessageBox::textFormat). The default setting is Qt::AutoText, i.e. the message box will try to auto-detect the format of the text.

The default value of this property is an empty string.

Функции доступа:

• QString text () const
• void setText ( const QString & text )

See also textFormat.

textFormat : Qt::TextFormat

This property holds the format of the text displayed by the message box.

The current text format used by the message box. See the Qt::TextFormat enum for an explanation of the possible options.

The default format is Qt::AutoText.

Функции доступа:

• Qt::TextFormat textFormat () const
• void setTextFormat ( Qt::TextFormat format )

See also setText().

Описание функций-членов

QMessageBox::QMessageBox ( QWidget * parent = 0 )

Constructs a message box with no text and no buttons.

If parent is 0, the message box becomes an application-global modal dialog box. If parent is a widget, the message box becomes modal relative to parent.

The parent argument is passed to the QDialog constructor.

QMessageBox::QMessageBox ( Icon icon, const QString & title, const QString & text, StandardButtons buttons = NoButton, QWidget * parent = 0, Qt::WindowFlags f = Qt::Dialog | Qt::MSWindowsFixedSizeDialogHint )

Constructs a message box with the given icon, title, text, and standard buttons. (Buttons can also be added at any time using addButton().)

If parent is 0, the message box becomes an application-global modal dialog box. If parent is a widget, the message box becomes modal relative to parent.

The parent and f arguments are passed to the QDialog constructor.

See also setWindowTitle(), setText(), setIcon(), and setStandardButtons().

QMessageBox::~QMessageBox ()

Destroys the message box.

void QMessageBox::about ( QWidget * parent, const QString & title, const QString & text ) [static]

Displays a simple about box with title title and text text. The about box's parent is parent.

about() looks for a suitable icon in four locations:

1. It prefers parent->icon() if that exists.
2. If not, it tries the top-level widget containing parent.
3. If that fails, it tries the active window.
4. As a last resort it uses the Information icon.

The about box has a single button labelled "OK".

See also QWidget::windowIcon() and QApplication::activeWindow().

void QMessageBox::aboutQt ( QWidget * parent, const QString & title = QString() ) [static]

Displays a simple message box about Qt, with the given title and centered over parent (if parent is not 0). The message includes the version number of Qt being used by the application.

This is useful for inclusion in the Help menu of an application, as shown in the Menus example.

QApplication provides this functionality as a slot.

See also QApplication::aboutQt().

void QMessageBox::addButton ( QAbstractButton * button, ButtonRole role )

Adds the given button to the message box with the specified role.

Эта функция была введена в Qt 4.2.

See also removeButton(), button(), and setStandardButtons().

QPushButton * QMessageBox::addButton ( const QString & text, ButtonRole role )

Эта перегруженная функция предоставлена для удобства.

Creates a button with the given text, adds it to the message box for the specified role, and returns it.

Эта функция была введена в Qt 4.2.

QPushButton * QMessageBox::addButton ( StandardButton button )

Эта перегруженная функция предоставлена для удобства.

Adds a standard button to the message box if it is valid to do so, and returns the push button.

Эта функция была введена в Qt 4.2.

See also setStandardButtons().

QAbstractButton * QMessageBox::button ( StandardButton which ) const

Returns a pointer corresponding to the standard button which, or 0 if the standard button doesn't exist in this message box.

Эта функция была введена в Qt 4.2.

See also standardButtons and standardButton().

QAbstractButton * QMessageBox::clickedButton () const

Returns the button that was clicked by the user, or 0 if the user hit the Esc key and no escape button was set.

If exec() hasn't been called yet, returns 0.

Пример:

 QMessageBox messageBox(this);
 QAbstractButton *disconnectButton =
       messageBox.addButton(tr("Disconnect"), QMessageBox::ActionRole);
 ...
 messageBox.exec();
 if (messageBox.clickedButton() == disconnectButton) {
     ...
 }

Эта функция была введена в Qt 4.2.

See also standardButton() and button().

StandardButton QMessageBox::critical ( QWidget * parent, const QString & title, const QString & text, StandardButtons buttons = Ok, StandardButton defaultButton = NoButton ) [static]

Opens a critical message box with the title title and the text text. The standard buttons buttons is added to the message box. defaultButton specifies the button be used as the defaultButton. If the defaultButton is set to QMessageBox::NoButton, QMessageBox picks a suitable default automatically.

Returns the identity of the standard button that was activated. If Esc was pressed, returns the escape button (if any).

If parent is 0, the message box becomes an application-global modal dialog box. If parent is a widget, the message box becomes modal relative to parent.

Эта функция была введена в Qt 4.2.

See also question(), warning(), and information().

QPushButton * QMessageBox::defaultButton () const

Returns the button that should be the message box's default button. Returns 0 if no default button was set.

Эта функция была введена в Qt 4.2.

See also setDefaultButton(), addButton(), and QPushButton::setDefault().

QAbstractButton * QMessageBox::escapeButton () const

Returns the button that is activated when escape is pressed.

By default, QMessageBox attempts to automatically detect an escape button as follows:

1. If there is only one button, it is made the escape button.
2. If there is a Cancel button, it is made the escape button.
3. On Mac OS X only, if there is exactly one button with the role QMessageBox::RejectRole, it is made the escape button.

When an escape button could not be automatically detected, pressing Esc has no effect.

Эта функция была введена в Qt 4.2.

See also setEscapeButton() and addButton().

int QMessageBox::exec () [slot]

Shows the message box as a modal dialog, blocking until the user closes it.

When using a QMessageBox with standard buttons, this functions returns a StandardButton value indicating the standard button that was clicked. When using QMessageBox with custom buttons, this function returns an opaque value; use clickedButton() to determine which button was clicked.

Users cannot interact with any other window in the same application until they close the dialog, either by clicking a button or by using a mechanism provided by the window system.

See also show() and result().

StandardButton QMessageBox::information ( QWidget * parent, const QString & title, const QString & text, StandardButtons buttons = Ok, StandardButton defaultButton = NoButton ) [static]

Opens an information message box with the title title and the text text. The standard buttons buttons is added to the message box. defaultButton specifies the button be used as the defaultButton. If the defaultButton is set to QMessageBox::NoButton, QMessageBox picks a suitable default automatically.

Returns the identity of the standard button that was activated. If Esc was pressed, returns the escape button (if any).

If parent is 0, the message box becomes an application-global modal dialog box. If parent is a widget, the message box becomes modal relative to parent.

Эта функция была введена в Qt 4.2.

See also question(), warning(), and critical().

StandardButton QMessageBox::question ( QWidget * parent, const QString & title, const QString & text, StandardButtons buttons = Ok, StandardButton defaultButton = NoButton ) [static]

Opens a question message box with the title title and the text text. The standard buttons buttons is added to the message box. defaultButton specifies the button be used as the defaultButton. If the defaultButton is set to QMessageBox::NoButton, QMessageBox picks a suitable default automatically.

Returns the identity of the standard button that was activated. If Esc was pressed, returns the escape button (if any).

If parent is 0, the message box becomes an application-global modal dialog box. If parent is a widget, the message box becomes modal relative to parent.

Эта функция была введена в Qt 4.2.

See also information(), warning(), and critical().

void QMessageBox::removeButton ( QAbstractButton * button )

Removes button from the button box without deleting it.

Эта функция была введена в Qt 4.2.

See also addButton() and setStandardButtons().

void QMessageBox::setDefaultButton ( QPushButton * button )

Sets the message box's default button to button.

Эта функция была введена в Qt 4.2.

See also defaultButton(), addButton(), and QPushButton::setDefault().

void QMessageBox::setDefaultButton ( StandardButton button )

Эта перегруженная функция предоставлена для удобства.

Sets the message box's default button to button.

Эта функция была введена в Qt 4.3.

See also addButton() and QPushButton::setDefault().

void QMessageBox::setEscapeButton ( QAbstractButton * button )

Sets the button that gets activated when the Escape key is pressed to button.

Эта функция была введена в Qt 4.2.

See also escapeButton(), addButton(), and clickedButton().

void QMessageBox::setEscapeButton ( StandardButton button )

Эта перегруженная функция предоставлена для удобства.

Sets the buttons that gets activated when the Escape key is pressed to button.

Эта функция была введена в Qt 4.3.

See also addButton() and clickedButton().

void QMessageBox::setWindowModality ( Qt::WindowModality windowModality )

This function shadows QWidget::setWindowModality().

Sets the modality of the message box to windowModality.

On Mac OS X, if the modality is set to Qt::WindowModal and the message box has a parent, then the message box will be a Qt::Sheet, otherwise the message box will be a standard dialog.

Эта функция была введена в Qt 4.2.

void QMessageBox::setWindowTitle ( const QString & title )

This function shadows QWidget::setWindowTitle().

Sets the title of the message box to title. On Mac OS X, the window title is ignored (as required by the Mac OS X Guidelines).

Эта функция была введена в Qt 4.2.

StandardButton QMessageBox::standardButton ( QAbstractButton * button ) const

Returns the standard button enum value corresponding to the given button, or NoButton if the given button isn't a standard button.

Эта функция была введена в Qt 4.2.

See also button() and standardButtons().

StandardButton QMessageBox::warning ( QWidget * parent, const QString & title, const QString & text, StandardButtons buttons = Ok, StandardButton defaultButton = NoButton ) [static]

Opens a warning message box with the title title and the text text. The standard buttons buttons is added to the message box. defaultButton specifies the button be used as the defaultButton. If the defaultButton is set to QMessageBox::NoButton, QMessageBox picks a suitable default automatically.

Returns the identity of the standard button that was activated. If Esc was pressed, returns the escape button (if any).

If parent is 0, the message box becomes an application-global modal dialog box. If parent is a widget, the message box becomes modal relative to parent.

Эта функция была введена в Qt 4.2.

See also question(), information(), and critical().

Macro Documentation

QT_REQUIRE_VERSION ( int argc, char ** argv, const char * version )

This macro can be used to ensure that the application is run against a recent enough version of Qt. This is especially useful if your application depends on a specific bug fix introduced in a bug-fix release (e.g., 4.0.2).

The argc and argv parameters are the main() function's argc and argv parameters. The version parameter is a string literal that specifies which version of Qt the application requires (e.g., "4.0.2").

Пример:

 #include <QApplication>
 #include <QMessageBox>
 
 int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 {
     QT_REQUIRE_VERSION(argc, argv, "4.0.2")
 
     QApplication app(argc, argv);
     ...
     return app.exec();
 }