Qt:Документация 4.3.2/qfileinfo

Материал из Wiki.crossplatform.ru

Перейти к: навигация, поиск
40px Внимание: Актуальная версия перевода документации находится здесь

__NOTOC__

Image:qt-logo.png

Главная · Все классы · Основные классы · Классы по группам · Модули · Функции

Image:trolltech-logo.png

Содержание

[править] QFileInfo Class Reference
[модуль QtCore ]

The QFileInfo class provides system-independent file information. Далее... 

 #include <QFileInfo>

Примечание: все функции в этом классе реентерабельны.

[править] Открытые типы

[править] Открытые функции

[править] Связанные не-члены

[править] Подробное описание

The QFileInfo class provides system-independent file information.

QFileInfo provides information about a file's name and position (path) in the file system, its access rights and whether it is a directory or symbolic link, etc. The file's size and last modified/read times are also available. QFileInfo can also be used to obtain information about a Qt resource.

A QFileInfo can point to a file with either a relative or an absolute file path. Absolute file paths begin with the directory separator "/" (or with a drive specification on Windows). Relative file names begin with a directory name or a file name and specify a path relative to the current working directory. An example of an absolute path is the string "/tmp/quartz". A relative path might look like "src/fatlib". You can use the function isRelative() to check whether a QFileInfo is using a relative or an absolute file path. You can call the function makeAbsolute() to convert a relative QFileInfo's path to an absolute path.

The file that the QFileInfo works on is set in the constructor or later with setFile(). Use exists() to see if the file exists and size() to get its size.

Some of QFileInfo's functions query the file system, but for performance reasons, some functions only operate on the file name itself. For example: To return the absolute path of a relative file name, absolutePath() has to query the file system. The path() function, however, can work on the file name directly, and so it is faster. By convention, QFileInfo interprets any path that ends with a slash '/' as a directory (e.g., "C:/WINDOWS/"), and those without a trailing slash (e.g., "C:/WINDOWS/hosts.txt") are treated as files.

Note: To speed up performance, QFileInfo caches information about the file.

Because files can be changed by other users or programs, or even by other parts of the same program, there is a function that refreshes the file information: refresh(). If you want to switch off a QFileInfo's caching and force it to access the file system every time you request information from it call setCaching(false).

The file's type is obtained with isFile(), isDir() and isSymLink(). The symLinkTarget() function provides the name of the file the symlink points to.

On Unix (including Mac OS X), the symlink has the same size() has the file it points to, because Unix handles symlinks transparently; similarly, opening a symlink using QFile effectively opens the link's target. Пример: 

 #ifdef Q_OS_UNIX
 
 QFileInfo info1("/home/bob/bin/untabify");
 info1.isSymLink();          // returns true
 info1.absoluteFilePath();   // returns "/home/bob/bin/untabify"
 info1.size();               // returns 56201
 info1.symLinkTarget();      // returns "/opt/pretty++/bin/untabify"
 
 QFileInfo info2(info1.symLinkTarget());
 info1.isSymLink();          // returns false
 info1.absoluteFilePath();   // returns "/opt/pretty++/bin/untabify"
 info1.size();               // returns 56201
 
 #endif

On Windows, symlinks (shortcuts) are .lnk files. The reported size() is that of the symlink (not the link's target), and opening a symlink using QFile opens the .lnk file. Пример: 

 #ifdef Q_OS_WIN
 
 QFileInfo info1("C:\\Documents and Settings\\Bob\\untabify.lnk");
 info1.isSymLink();          // returns true
 info1.absoluteFilePath();   // returns "C:/Documents and Settings/Bob/untabify.lnk"
 info1.size();               // returns 743
 info1.symLinkTarget();      // returns "C:/Pretty++/untabify"
 
 QFileInfo info2(info1.symLinkTarget());
 info1.isSymLink();          // returns false
 info1.absoluteFilePath();   // returns "C:/Pretty++/untabify"
 info1.size();               // returns 63942
 
 #endif

Elements of the file's name can be extracted with path() and fileName(). The fileName()'s parts can be extracted with baseName() and extension().

The file's dates are returned by created(), lastModified() and lastRead(). Information about the file's access permissions is obtained with isReadable(), isWritable() and isExecutable(). The file's ownership is available from owner(), ownerId(), group() and groupId(). You can examine a file's permissions and ownership in a single statement using the permission() function.

See also QDir and QFile.

[править] Описание функций-членов

[править]
QFileInfo::QFileInfo ()

Constructs an empty QFileInfo object.

Note that an empty QFileInfo object contain no file reference.

See also setFile().

[править]
QFileInfo::QFileInfo ( const QString & file )

Constructs a new QFileInfo that gives information about the given file. The file can also include an absolute or relative path.

See also setFile(), isRelative(), QDir::setCurrent(), and QDir::isRelativePath().

[править]
QFileInfo::QFileInfo ( const QFile & file )

Constructs a new QFileInfo that gives information about file file.

If the file has a relative path, the QFileInfo will also have a relative path.

See also isRelative().

[править]
QFileInfo::QFileInfo ( const QDir & dir, const QString & file )

Constructs a new QFileInfo that gives information about the given file in the directory dir.

If dir has a relative path, the QFileInfo will also have a relative path.

See also isRelative().

[править]
QFileInfo::QFileInfo ( const QFileInfo & fileinfo )

Constructs a new QFileInfo that is a copy of the given fileinfo.

[править]
QFileInfo::~QFileInfo ()

Destroys the QFileInfo and frees its resources.

[править]
QDir QFileInfo::absoluteDir () const

Returns the file's absolute path as a QDir object.

See also filePath(), fileName(), isRelative(), and dir().

[править]
QString QFileInfo::absoluteFilePath () const

Returns the absolute path including the file name.

The absolute path name consists of the full path and the file name. On Unix this will always begin with the root, '/', directory. On Windows this will always begin 'D:/' where D is a drive letter, except for network shares that are not mapped to a drive letter, in which case the path will begin '//sharename/'.

This function returns the same as filePath(), unless isRelative() is true.

If the QFileInfo is empty it returns QDir::currentPath().

This function can be time consuming under Unix (in the order of milliseconds).

See also isRelative() and filePath().

[править]
QString QFileInfo::absolutePath () const

Returns the file's path absolute path. This doesn't include the file name.

See also dir(), filePath(), fileName(), isRelative(), and path().

[править]
QString QFileInfo::baseName () const

Returns the base name of the file without the path.

The base name consists of all characters in the file up to (but not including) the first '.' character.

Пример: 

 QFileInfo fi("/tmp/archive.tar.gz");
 QString base = fi.baseName();  // base = "archive"

The base name of a file is computed equally on all platforms, independent of file naming conventions (e.g., ".bashrc" on Unix has an empty base name, and the suffix is "bashrc").

See also fileName(), suffix(), completeSuffix(), and completeBaseName().

[править]
QString QFileInfo::bundleName () const

Returns the name of the bundle.

On Mac OS X this returns the proper localized name for a bundle if the path isBundle(). On all other platforms an empty QString is returned.

Пример: 

 QFileInfo fi("/Applications/Safari.app");
 QString bundle = fi.bundleName();                // name = "Safari"

Эта функция была введена в Qt 4.3.

See also isBundle(), filePath(), baseName(), and extension().

[править]
bool QFileInfo::caching () const

Returns true if caching is enabled; otherwise returns false.

See also setCaching() and refresh().

[править]
QString QFileInfo::canonicalFilePath () const

Returns the canonical path, i.e. a path without symbolic links or redundant "." or ".." elements.

On systems that do not have symbolic links this function will always return the same string that absoluteFilePath() returns. If the canonical path does not exist (normally due to dangling symbolic links) canonicalFilePath() returns an empty string.

See also filePath() and absoluteFilePath().

[править]
QString QFileInfo::canonicalPath () const

Returns the canonical path, i.e. a path without symbolic links or redundant "." or ".." elements.

On systems that do not have symbolic links this function will always return the same string that absolutePath() returns. If the canonical path does not exist (normally due to dangling symbolic links) canonicalPath() returns an empty string.

See also absolutePath().

[править]
QString QFileInfo::completeBaseName () const

Returns the complete base name of the file without the path.

The complete base name consists of all characters in the file up to (but not including) the last '.' character.

Пример: 

 QFileInfo fi("/tmp/archive.tar.gz");
 QString base = fi.completeBaseName();  // base = "archive.tar"

See also fileName(), suffix(), completeSuffix(), and baseName().

[править]
QString QFileInfo::completeSuffix () const

Returns the complete suffix of the file.

The complete suffix consists of all characters in the file after (but not including) the first '.'.

Пример: 

 QFileInfo fi("/tmp/archive.tar.gz");
 QString ext = fi.completeSuffix();  // ext = "tar.gz"

See also fileName(), suffix(), baseName(), and completeBaseName().

[править]
QDateTime QFileInfo::created () const

Returns the date and time when the file was created.

On most Unix systems, this function returns the time of the last status change. A status change occurs when the file is created, but it also occurs whenever the user writes or sets inode information (for example, changing the file permissions).

If neither creation time nor "last status change" time are not available, returns the same as lastModified().

See also lastModified() and lastRead().

[править]
QDir QFileInfo::dir () const

Returns the path of the object's parent directory as a QDir object.

Note: The QDir returned always corresponds to the object's parent directory, even if the QFileInfo represents a directory.

See also dirPath(), filePath(), fileName(), isRelative(), and absoluteDir().

[править]
bool QFileInfo::exists () const

Returns true if the file exists; otherwise returns false.

[править]
QString QFileInfo::fileName () const

Returns the name of the file, excluding the path.

Пример: 

 QFileInfo fi("/tmp/archive.tar.gz");
 QString name = fi.fileName();                // name = "archive.tar.gz"

See also isRelative(), filePath(), baseName(), and extension().

[править]
QString QFileInfo::filePath () const

Returns the file name, including the path (which may be absolute or relative).

See also isRelative() and absoluteFilePath().

[править]
QString QFileInfo::group () const

Returns the group of the file. On Windows, on systems where files do not have groups, or if an error occurs, an empty string is returned.

This function can be time consuming under Unix (in the order of milliseconds).

See also groupId(), owner(), and ownerId().

[править]
uint QFileInfo::groupId () const

Returns the id of the group the file belongs to.

On Windows and on systems where files do not have groups this function always returns (uint) -2.

See also group(), owner(), and ownerId().

[править]
bool QFileInfo::isAbsolute () const

Returns true if the file path name is absolute, otherwise returns false if the path is relative.

See also isRelative().

[править]
bool QFileInfo::isBundle () const

Returns true if this object points to a bundle or to a symbolic link to a bundle on Mac OS X; otherwise returns false.

Эта функция была введена в Qt 4.3.

See also isDir(), isSymLink(), and isFile().

[править]
bool QFileInfo::isDir () const

Returns true if this object points to a directory or to a symbolic link to a directory; otherwise returns false.

See also isFile(), isSymLink(), and isBundle().

[править]
bool QFileInfo::isExecutable () const

Returns true if the file is executable; otherwise returns false.

See also isReadable(), isWritable(), and permission().

[править]
bool QFileInfo::isFile () const

Returns true if this object points to a file or to a symbolic link to a file. Returns false if the object points to something which isn't a file, such as a directory.

See also isDir(), isSymLink(), and isBundle().

[править]
bool QFileInfo::isHidden () const

Returns true if this is a `hidden' file; otherwise returns false.

Note: This function returns true for the special entries "." and ".." on Unix, even though QDir::entryList threats them as shown.

[править]
bool QFileInfo::isReadable () const

Returns true if the user can read the file; otherwise returns false.

See also isWritable(), isExecutable(), and permission().

[править]
bool QFileInfo::isRelative () const

Returns true if the file path name is relative, otherwise returns false if the path is absolute (e.g. under Unix a path is absolute if it begins with a "/").

See also isAbsolute().

[править]
bool QFileInfo::isRoot () const

Returns true if the object points to a directory or to a symbolic link to a directory, and that directory is the root directory; otherwise returns false.

[править] bool QFileInfo::isSymLink () const

Returns true if this object points to a symbolic link (or to a shortcut on Windows); otherwise returns false.

On Unix (including Mac OS X), opening a symlink effectively opens the link's target. On Windows, it opens the .lnk file itself.

Пример: 

 QFileInfo info(fileName);
 if (info.isSymLink())
     fileName = info.symLinkTarget();

See also isFile(), isDir(), and symLinkTarget().

[править]
bool QFileInfo::isWritable () const

Returns true if the user can write to the file; otherwise returns false.

See also isReadable(), isExecutable(), and permission().

[править]
QDateTime QFileInfo::lastModified () const

Returns the date and time when the file was last modified.

See also created() and lastRead().

[править]
QDateTime QFileInfo::lastRead () const

Returns the date and time when the file was last read (accessed).

On platforms where this information is not available, returns the same as lastModified().

See also created() and lastModified().

[править]
bool QFileInfo::makeAbsolute ()

Converts the file's path to an absolute path if it is not already in that form. Returns true to indicate that the path was converted; otherwise returns false to indicate that the path was already absolute.

See also filePath() and isRelative().

[править]
QString QFileInfo::owner () const

Returns the owner of the file. On systems where files do not have owners, or if an error occurs, an empty string is returned.

This function can be time consuming under Unix (in the order of milliseconds).

See also ownerId(), group(), and groupId().

[править]
uint QFileInfo::ownerId () const

Returns the id of the owner of the file.

On Windows and on systems where files do not have owners this function returns ((uint) -2).

See also owner(), group(), and groupId().

[править]
QString QFileInfo::path () const

Returns the file's path. This doesn't include the file name.

See also dir(), filePath(), fileName(), isRelative(), and absolutePath().

[править]
bool QFileInfo::permission ( QFile::Permissions permissions ) const

Tests for file permissions. The permissions argument can be several flags of type QFile::Permissions OR-ed together to check for permission combinations.

On systems where files do not have permissions this function always returns true.

Пример: 

 QFileInfo fi("/tmp/archive.tar.gz");
 if (fi.permission(QFile::WriteUser | QFile::ReadGroup))
     qWarning("I can change the file; my group can read the file");
 if (fi.permission(QFile::WriteGroup | QFile::WriteOther))
     qWarning("The group or others can change the file");

See also isReadable(), isWritable(), and isExecutable().

[править]
QFile::Permissions QFileInfo::permissions () const

Returns the complete OR-ed together combination of QFile::Permissions for the file.

[править]
void QFileInfo::refresh ()

Refreshes the information about the file, i.e. reads in information from the file system the next time a cached property is fetched.

[править]
void QFileInfo::setCaching ( bool enable )

If enable is true, enables caching of file information. If enable is false caching is disabled.

When caching is enabled, QFileInfo reads the file information from the file system the first time it's needed, but generally not later.

Caching is enabled by default.

See also refresh() and caching().

[править]
void QFileInfo::setFile ( const QString & file )

Sets the file that the QFileInfo provides information about to file.

The file can also include an absolute or relative file path. Absolute paths begin with the directory separator (e.g. "/" under Unix) or a drive specification (under Windows). Relative file names begin with a directory name or a file name and specify a path relative to the current directory.

Пример: 

 QString absolute = "/local/bin";
 QString relative = "local/bin";
 QFileInfo absFile(absolute);
 QFileInfo relFile(relative);
 
 QDir::setCurrent(QDir::rootPath());
 // absFile and relFile now point to the same file
 
 QDir::setCurrent("/tmp");
 // absFile now points to "/local/bin",
 // while relFile points to "/tmp/local/bin"

See also isFile(), isRelative(), QDir::setCurrent(), and QDir::isRelativePath().

[править]
void QFileInfo::setFile ( const QFile & file )

Эта перегруженная функция предоставлена для удобства.

Sets the file that the QFileInfo provides information about to file.

If file includes a relative path, the QFileInfo will also have a relative path.

See also isRelative().

[править]
void QFileInfo::setFile ( const QDir & dir, const QString & file )

Эта перегруженная функция предоставлена для удобства.

Sets the file that the QFileInfo provides information about to file in directory dir.

If file includes a relative path, the QFileInfo will also have a relative path.

See also isRelative().

[править]
qint64 QFileInfo::size () const

Returns the file size in bytes. If the file does not exist or cannot be fetched, 0 is returned.

See also exists().

[править]
QString QFileInfo::suffix () const

Returns the suffix of the file.

The suffix consists of all characters in the file after (but not including) the last '.'.

Пример: 

 QFileInfo fi("/tmp/archive.tar.gz");
 QString ext = fi.suffix();  // ext = "gz"

The suffix of a file is computed equally on all platforms, independent of file naming conventions (e.g., ".bashrc" on Unix has an empty base name, and the suffix is "bashrc").

See also fileName(), completeSuffix(), baseName(), and completeBaseName().

[править]
QString QFileInfo::symLinkTarget () const

Returns the absolute path to the file or directory a symlink (or shortcut on Windows) points to, or a an empty string if the object isn't a symbolic link.

This name may not represent an existing file; it is only a string. QFileInfo::exists() returns true if the symlink points to an existing file.

Эта функция была введена в Qt 4.2.

See also exists(), isSymLink(), isDir(), and isFile().

[править]
bool QFileInfo::operator!= ( const QFileInfo & fileinfo )

Returns true if this QFileInfo object refers to a different file than the one specified by fileinfo; otherwise returns false.

Смотрите также operator==().

[править]
bool QFileInfo::operator!= ( const QFileInfo & fileinfo ) const

Эта перегруженная функция предоставлена для удобства.

[править]
QFileInfo & QFileInfo::operator= ( const QFileInfo & fileinfo )

Makes a copy of the given fileinfo and assigns it to this QFileInfo.

[править]
bool QFileInfo::operator== ( const QFileInfo & fileinfo )

Returns true if this QFileInfo object refers to a file in the same location as fileinfo; otherwise returns false.

Note that the result of comparing two empty QFileInfo objects, containing no file references, is undefined.

Warning: This will not compare two different symbolic links pointing to the same file.

Warning: Long and short file names that refer to the same file on Windows are treated as if they referred to different files.

Смотирте также operator!=().

[править]
bool QFileInfo::operator== ( const QFileInfo & fileinfo ) const

Эта перегруженная функция предоставлена для удобства.

[править] Связанные не-члены

[править]
typedef QFileInfoList

Synonym for QList< QFileInfo>.


Copyright © 2007 Trolltech Trademarks
Qt 4.3.2
Источник — «http://wiki.crossplatform.ru/index.php?title=Qt:%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_4.3.2/qfileinfo»